In 2023, 19 Ugandan teachers in Burundi lost their jobs. They failed to adapt to Burundi’s Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC). Instead of helping students learn and master subjects, they stuck to the old knowledge-based teaching model. This model simply told students what to learn.
Wilson Ssabavuma, a curriculum specialist at the National Curriculum Development Centre (NCDC), explained that most East African countries, including Burundi, had switched to CBC. This approach focuses on practical skills and critical thinking. He added that the old teaching methods are no longer accepted, making it difficult for Ugandan teachers to find work in neighboring countries that have embraced CBC.
At a Makerere University workshop, Mr. Ssabavuma said Rwanda and Burundi had mastered CBC. As a result, Ugandan teachers struggle to secure jobs. He advised teachers to follow NCDC guidelines to succeed in the East African Community.
The CBC focuses on real-life problem-solving, critical thinking, and practical skills. However, many teachers still use outdated methods, such as giving students long lessons and exams. These methods prevent students from engaging in project work, which is crucial in CBC. Teachers need to change their teaching practices to allow more time for projects and curricular activities.
A recent UNEB study revealed that many teachers give outdated questions during assessments. This makes it difficult for students to answer questions correctly. The study found that 59% of teachers asked low-level questions, while only 41% asked higher-order thinking questions.
To address these challenges, school leaders must take charge. They should train teachers in better teaching methods and assessment techniques. Effective leadership and supervision are vital for successful CBC implementation. Teachers should receive constructive feedback, and schools should foster teamwork.
Mathias Mulumba Bwanika, Dean of Makerere University’s School of Education, stressed the importance of Continuous Professional Development (CPD) for teachers. This aligns with the National Teacher Policy, 2019, and the Education Act 2008. Both policies highlight the need for teachers’ professional growth.
Additionally, Uganda’s Ministry of Education and Sports has trained local government leaders. The Uganda National Examinations Board (UNEB) organized the training to help leaders support teachers struggling with assessments under CBC. This will improve how teachers assess students.
Mr. Ssabavuma also discussed Africa’s push for curriculum reform. In 2013, UNESCO recommended that all African countries adopt a competency-based curriculum. South Africa, Rwanda, and Kenya made progress with CBC, and Uganda followed in 2020. The full implementation of CBC in Uganda’s upper secondary schools is expected by 2025.
The government previously attempted a thematic curriculum in 2006. However, resistance from teachers and parents led to its failure. Now, Uganda is revising the curriculum to align with the secondary education model. By 2027, universities must also incorporate CBC into their courses. They will gradually shift to a fully competency-based system, from primary schools to higher education.Read: Buliisa Leaders Alarmed by High Girl Dropout Rates